Logistical Challenges in Hydrogen Supply Chain for Automotive Applications

Abstract

This paper explores the environmental aspects and logistical challenges of hydrogen-powered vehicles. While electric cars are currently considered the optimal solution for reducing urban pollution, their ecological impact is shifted to areas where electricity is produced, and batteries are manufactured. Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, presents a promising alternative if made in an environmentally friendly manner. The paper discusses the requirements concerning hydrogen production, transport, storage, distribution, and vehicle refueling. It highlights the technological and organizational challenges in the hydrogen supply chain, emphasizing that they are solvable. The analysis shows that hydrogen can be a viable transitional solution until a more sustainable vehicle propulsion method is developed. However, it remains more expensive per unit of energy than fossil fuels, and its production is energy intensive. The paper also addresses the importance of regulatory harmonization, technological advancements, and training for safe hydrogen use. Finally, it underscores the need for better traffic and transport organizations to reduce environmental pollution effectively. Enhancing public transport and embracing a sharing economy can reduce vehicle production, traffic, and energy use, benefiting the environment.