THE TREATIES OF MAASTRICHT, AMSTERDAM, AND NICE

Lucia Graziatti Vallecillo

Abstract


The Treaty of Maastricht in 1992, along with the following treaties of Amsterdam and Nice, were the consequences of European development in the field of integration. They just were the next logical step after the Single European Act, following the pattern based on the spillover effect; further integration solves different problems, as the mentioned treaty of 1986 improved the performance of the Common Market in the European communities, but also generated new problems that could be solved only with deeper integration, with a new treaty, with the Treaty of Maastricht. According to this development, the European Union is just a part of the process and never the final shape of the European organization. Hence this research analyses the contribution of these three treaties to the integration of Europe focusing on what existing problems they solved and what new problems they generated. Some of the new necessities created by these essential treaties were solved by the treaty of Lisbon, but others still need to be addressed. The three treaties are important for Europe because they meant a great step forward in terms of integration, as they created the European Union (before European Communities) and some other fundamental milestones as the common currency the Euro.


Keywords


European Union, Treaty of Maastricht, Treaty of Amsterdam, Treaty of Nice, European Union Integration, European development

Full Text:

PDF

References


Balassone, F., & Francese, M. (2004). Cyclical asymmetry in fiscal policy, debt accumulation and the Treaty of Maastricht (Vol. 531). Banca d'Italia.

Chochia, A., & Troitino, D. R. (2012). The EU Foreign Affairs and the European Values. Dr. Nicoleta VASILCOVSCHI, 2.

Chochia, A., & Troitino, D. R. (2015). Winston Churchill And The European Union. Baltic Journal of Law & Politics, 8(1), 55-81.

Gaja, G. (1998). How flexible is flexibility under the Amsterdam Treaty? Common Market L. Rev., 35, 855.

Galloway, D. (2001). The Treaty of Nice and beyond: realities and illusions of power in the EU (Vol. 10). Burns & Oates.

Langrish, S. (1998). The Treaty of Amsterdam: selected highlights. European Law Review, 23, 3-19.

Laursen, F. (1994). The ratification of the Maastricht Treaty: issues, debates, and future implications. Kluwer Law International.

Monar, J., Ungerer, W., & Wessels, W. (Eds.). (1993). The Maastricht Treaty on the European Union: legal complexity and political dynamic (Vol. 2). European Interuniversity Press.

Moravcsik, A. (1993). Preferences and power in the European Community: a liberal intergovernmentalist approach. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 31(4), 473-524.

Moravcsik, A. (1995). Liberal intergovernmentalism and integration: a rejoinder. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 33(4), 611-628.

Moravcsik, A., & Nicolaidis, K. (1998). Keynote article: federal ideals and constitutional realities in the Treaty of Amsterdam. In Journal of Common Market Studies: Annual Review.

Moravcsik, A., & Nicolaïdis, K. (1999). Explaining the Treaty of Amsterdam: Interests, influence, institutions. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 37(1), 59-85.

Moravcsik, A. (2002). Reassessing legitimacy in the European Union. JCMS: Journal of common market studies, 40(4), 603-624.

Moravcsik, A. (2013). The choice for Europe: social purpose and state power from Messina to Maastricht. Routledge.

Pando Ballesteros, M. D. L. P., & Troitino, D. R. (2017). Churchill's European integration model. REVISTA DE OCCIDENTE, (433), 57-71.

Pérez, J. C. M., & Troitino, D. R. (2016). El idioma estonio y la influencia geopolítica sobre su desarrollo. Onomázein, (33), 189-200.

Pernice, I. (1999). Multilevel constitutionalism and the Treaty of Amsterdam: European constitution-making revisited. Common Market L. Rev., 36, 703.

Pipkorn, J. (1994). Legal Arrangements in the Treaty of Maastricht for the Effectiveness of the Economics and the Monetary Union. Common Market L. Rev., 31, 263.

Ramiro, T. D. (2013). The Current Economic Crisis of the EU: Genesis, Analysis, and Solutions. Baltic Journal of European Studies, 3(1), 6-28.

Ramiro, T. D. (2014). The European Parliament: past, present, and future. Teisės apžvalga, 5-24.

Sandholtz, W., & Sweet, A. S. (2010). Neo-functionalism and supranational governance. In The Oxford Handbook of the European Union.

Shaw, J., & Cremona, M. (1996). Law of the European Union (pp. 251-282). Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Shaw, J. (1998). The Treaty of Amsterdam: Challenges of Flexibility and Legitimacy. European Law Journal, 4(1), 63-86.

Shaw, J. (2001). Treaty of Nice: Legal and Constitutional Implications, The. Eur. Pub. L., 7, 195.

Sinnott, R. (2003). Attitudes and Behaviour of the Irish Electorate in the Second Referendum on the Treaty of Nice.

Sverdrup, U. (2002). An institutional perspective on treaty reform: contextualizing the Amsterdam and Nice Treaties. Journal of European Public Policy, 9(1), 120-140.

Troitino, D. R. (2008). De Gaulle and the European Communities. Proceedings of the Institute for European Studies. The Tallinn University of Technology, no, 4, 139-152.

Troitino, D. R. (2013). European Integration: Building Europe (European Political, Economic, and Security Issues). Nova Science Publishers Incorporated.

Troitino, D. R. (2014). The British Position towards European Integration: A Different Economic and Political Approach. Baltic Journal of European Studies, 4(1), 119-136.

Troitino, D. R. (2014). The Single European Act–the Creation of the Interior Market in Europe. editorial staff Journal on legal and economic issues of central Europe: Mgr. Jan Gazda, ph. d., 8.

Troitino, D. R. (2015). Europos Parlamentas: praeitis, dabartis ir ateitis. Teisės apžvalga, (1 (11)), 5-24.

Troitino, D. R. (2015). Transport Policy in the European Union. MEST Journal.

Vernygora, V., Troitino, D. R., & Västra, S. (2016). The Eastern Partnership Programme: Is Pragmatic Regional Functionalism Working for a Contemporary Political Empire?. In Political and Legal Perspectives of the EU Eastern Partnership Policy (pp. 7-22). Springer International Publishing.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.